Pattern for horizontal casting systems



Dec. 16, 1952 w JQHNSQN 2,621,382

PATTERN FOR HORIZONTAL CASTINGSYSTEHS Filed May 5. 1950 INVENTOR IWILLIAM H. JOHNSON Patented Dec. 16, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT O'FFIC'EPATTERN FOR HORIZONTAL LCASTING -SYSTEMS 'William, H. Johnson,Washington, D; C.

ApplicationMay5, 1950, -Serial No. 169,205

- 4 Claims. (Cl. 221 57 .(JGrantedrunder the act of vMarch 3,'1 8l'33,.-as amended Aprjilfii), 19218; 37010.. G. 757) systems or, theinvention.

Horizontal casting of metal as commonly ,ear-

-.ried.out in the foundry involves a system including a straightrunner,,; to which is connecteda series of horizontally arrangedconduits, called :finger-gates-which lead into the casting mold orcavity. The sprue may: feed .to .the-end. or. center :of the runnerwhich is of the conventionally larger ,sizejand equal incross-section tothe; sprue. The larger size I runner provides, adequate volume jinztherunner for fiow 10f the'metallequallysto all of th finger gates. The arthas worked to attain smooth, quiet, uniform flow through ;all the:finger gates but experience has shownthis desirable result to'be seldomobtained. With the use of:a runnerand fingergatesof the conventionallargersize, the metal generally tends toflow more copiously throughsomeof-the finger gates than others with resulting uneven .fiow of themetal into the mold. This uneven fiow of the metal develops local areasof turbulence in the casting moldv with theresult that the slag isdriven into the body of the castin making itan uneconomical operation toremove it. Desirably, the slag should lie on the surface of the castingwhere it can easily be machined out. If on the other'hand, the fingergates are made small enough. in cross-sectionto obtain uniform fiowtherethrough, the metal ispropelled into ;the casting. mold underterrific jet action which develops .a large. degree of turbulence in themold giving rise to sand erosion and possible poor surface appearance ofthe casting.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved systemfor the pouring of metal in horizontal casting.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved systemfor the pouring of metal in horizontal casting in which smooth, quietuniform flow of the metal through all of the finger gates can beobtained without the necessity of resorting to finger gates of smallarea or cross-section.

It is another object of the invention to provide pattern plates fromwhich can be molded foundry forms embodying the new pouring systems ofthe invention.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the descriptionthereof which follows:

Briefly-stated, Ihave:foundthatmetalscan be induced-to flow throughall;..the fin er ates in .a smooth, quiet uniformgmanner tothecastingmold of a horizontal casting system, withthe advantages, or materiallyreducing turbulence in the mold, byprovidingaln;comoination,;asplitstream runner of Vrshapewitnwhichisiczon- 'nected four finger gates prequel QIOSStSQQUiQII whichleadto thecasfingmol orca i y.

Inanother aspect;v Of my invention. I have-pro.- vided patternplates-from which. 1. the usual way, can be. molded .iouodry. forms-zwhi.ch..em-

body the newapouringsystems. -flihese .pattern plates carry: .on:.abroad ;face; thereof a raised design or the. new pouringsystems,j.the;,-rais.ed design taking, tne former a,.$er 1eSf0f interconnectedbosses corresponding to the. severahlements of the pourin system.

The split-stream runner is constituted; by;. a pair of diverging armseach onwhieh isconnected with a pair of finger gatesofBquaLcross-section which, in proximity to the castingfiavityormoid,are parallel and equi-spaced. The diverging arms are set at ,an angleto. each other or .between about 40 and about 50%, preferably atan angleof about .45.". Thegouter one of;.each ,-,pair

of finger gates extends. outwardly from :therespective divergent .arm at@an angle; thereto.,.of 225 and, after extending a substantialand equaldistance from the end of the respective divergent arm, is rebentinwardly through an .angle of so as to enter the castin moldinparallelism with the companion .inner 'finger gatewhichex.- tendsoutwardly from the nivergent arrntat an angle thereto equal to that ma eby the-.outer finger gate therewith. :Each of the pdiverging armsof-therunner hasv a ,cross-sectional...area equal to thatof. the sum-of.the .crossesectional areas of the .two finger gates:attachedthereto.The runner is fed at. the apex-of the two diverging arms by means of theusual sprue which is of a cross-sectional area equal tothat of one ofthe diverging arms.

In another aspect of my invention, I have provided plates for the newpouring systems from which, in the usual way, can be molded foundry inwhich like parts carry like numerals and in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pattern plate carrying a raiseddesign of an improved pouring system of the invention, and

Figure 1A is a schematic showing, in operative set up with a castingmold or cavity, of the improved pouring system forming the subjectmatter for the pattern plate of Figure 1.

Referring to Figure 1A, the usual sprue (not shown) leads to thesplit-stream runner I having divergent arms 2 and 3 set apart at anangle of 45. A series of four finger gates are shown at 4, 5, 6 and l,of which the outer finger gates 4 and I are connected with arms 2 and 3,respectively, at an angle of 225 and at an equal distance from the endsof the respective arms are rebent through an angle of 45 so as to be inparallelism with inner finger gates 5 and 8 which are connected at anangle of 22.5 with the arms 2 and 3 respectively. The finger gates intheir parallel relationship are equi-spaced and lead into the castingmold or cavity, shown at 8 in conventionalized form.

In operation of the pouring system in Figure 1A, a metal, for example,steel, is poured into the sprue and enters the runner l at the apexthereof. At this point the stream of metal is split and flows througheach of the divergin arms 2 and 3 to the respective pairs of fingergates 4, 5 and 6, l. The flow through the finger gates to the castingmold 8 is accomplished in a quiet, smooth, uniform manner.

In Figure 1, pattern plate 9 is shown provided with a raised design ofthe pouring system of Figure 1A. The raised design is constituted by aseries of connected bosses which correspond to the elements of thepouring system and are identified by the like numerals. The patternplates may be made of wood, metal or other suitable material and theraised design provided thereon in known manner.

Since various modifications and changes may be made in the inventionwithout departing from the spirit or scope thereof, it is not intendedthat it shall be limited to the herein described specific embodimentsthereof but only as is required by the appended claims.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or forthe Government of the United States of America for governmental purposeswithout the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

What is claimed is:

1. A pattern plate for molding foundry pouring forms having a horizontalV-shaped runner fed at the apex thereof, said pattern plate havingattached thereto on a broad face thereof a system of bosses of generallyrectangular crosssection having the upper edges thereof rounded 01f.said system of bosses including a V-shaped boss having arms of equallength and cross-sectional area which diverge at an angle of betweenabout 40 and a pair of bosses branching from the end of each of saiddivergent arms, each of the bosses of said pairs being of acrosssectional area equal to half that of the divergent arm andextending from the end of the latter at an angle of about 22.5", theinner boss of each of said pairs being a straight boss and extendingparallel to each other and the outer boss of each of the same extendingoutwardly from the respective divergent arm for a substantial and equaldistance and thence being turned inwardly through an angle of about 45to extend parallel to its companion inner boss.

2. A pattern plate as defined in claim 1, wherein the arms of theV-shaped boss diverge at an angle of about 45.

3. A pattern for molding foundry forms having a horizontal V-shapedrunner fed at the apex thereof, said pattern comprising a system offiat-bottomed bars of generally rectangular cross-section having theirupper edges rounded off, said system of bars having the flat bottomsurface of the bars lying in a common plane and including a V-shaped barhaving arms of equal length and cross-sectional area which diverge at anangle of between about 40 and 50, a pair of bars branching from the endof each of said divergent arms, each of the bars of said pairs being ofa cross-sectional area equal to half that of the divergent arm andextending from the end of the latter at an angle of about 225, the innerbar of each of said pairs being a straight bar and extending parallel toeach other and the outer bar of each of the same extending outwardlyfrom the respective divergent arm for a substantial and equal distanceand thence being turned inwardly through an angle of about 45 to extendparallel to its companion inner bar.

4. A pattern as defined in claim 3, wherein the arms of the V-shaped bardiverge at an angle of about 45.

WILLIAM H. JOHNSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 520,101 Adams May 22, 18941,410,775 Thomes Mar. 28, 1922 1,758,114 Kadow May 13, 1930 2,529,647Arnette Nov. 14, 1950 OTHER REFERENCES The Foundry, October 1948, pages68-73, inclusive, and 252.

